Suppression of large edge localized modes with edge resonant magnetic fields in high confinement DIII-D plasmas
Identifieur interne : 00A223 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 00A222; suivant : 00A224Suppression of large edge localized modes with edge resonant magnetic fields in high confinement DIII-D plasmas
Auteurs : T. E. Evans [États-Unis] ; R. A. Moyer [États-Unis] ; J. G. Watkins [États-Unis] ; T. H. Osborne [États-Unis] ; P. R. Thomas [France] ; M. Becoulet [France] ; J. A. Boedo [États-Unis] ; E. J. Doyle [États-Unis] ; M. E. Fenstermacher [États-Unis] ; K. H. Finken [Allemagne] ; R. J. Groebner [États-Unis] ; M. Groth [États-Unis] ; J. H. Harris [Australie] ; G. L. Jackson [États-Unis] ; R. J. La Haye [États-Unis] ; C. J. Lasnier [États-Unis] ; S. Masuzaki [Japon] ; N. Ohyabu [Japon] ; D. G. Pretty [Australie] ; H. Reimerdes [États-Unis] ; T. L. Rhodes [États-Unis] ; D. L. Rudakov [États-Unis] ; M. J. Schaffer [États-Unis] ; M. R. Wade [États-Unis] ; G. Wang [États-Unis] ; W. P. West [États-Unis] ; L. Zeng [États-Unis]Source :
- Nuclear Fusion [ 0029-5515 ] ; 2005.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- 5255F, 5255R, Champ intense, Champ magnétique, Confinement magnétique, Confinement plasma mode H, Confinement énergie, Ecoulement plasma, Etude expérimentale, Ilot magnétique, Instabilité plasma, Ligne magnétique, Mode localisé bord, Phénomène transport plasma, Plasma confiné, Réacteur fusion nucléaire, Réacteur tokamak, Temps confinement.
- Wicri :
- topic : Physique du plasma.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Active period, Active phase, Baseline activity, Better understanding, Coherent oscillations, Coil, Coil pulse, Collisionality, Confined plasma, Confinement time, Considerable interest, Control experiments, Core plasma, Current pulse, Design limit, Divertor, Divertor target, Divertor target plates, Divertor targets, Edge localized modes, Edge rmps, Eld, Electron density, Electron pedestal, Electron pressure, Elm, Elming phase, Energy confinement, Energy times, Experimental data, Experimental observations, Experimental results, Experimental study, Field line modelling, Future devices, Future experiments, Future tokamaks, Global change, Global energy time, Gure, H-mode plasma confinement, Heat pulses, Helical structures, High field, Identical discharge, Intermittent events, Island chain, Island chains, Iter, Iter scenario, Langmuir probes, Large elms, Line integration code, Line integration modelling, Line modelling, Line simulations, Long period, Loss layer, Loss region, Lower divertor, Lower divertor surface temperature, Magnetic confinement, Magnetic fields, Magnetic islands, Magnetic line, Magnetic perturbation, Magnetic perturbations, Magnetic structure, Magnetic topology, Material surfaces, Midplane, Midplane recycling, Modelling, Neutral beam heating power, Nucl, Opposite polarities, Oscillation, Outer pedestal region, Outer strike point, Parallel transport, Parity, Particle transport, Particular interest, Pedestal, Pedestal collisionality, Pedestal density, Pedestal dynamics, Pedestal energy, Pedestal parameters, Pedestal plasma, Pedestal pressure, Pedestal region, Pedestal structure, Perturbation, Perturbation coil, Phys, Pinj, Plasma, Plasma flow, Plasma instability, Plasma phys, Plasma physics, Plasma response, Plasma transport processes, Poloidal, Poloidal angle, Poloidal flux, Poloidal mode spectrum, Poloidal rotation, Previous section, Pulse, Quality factor, Quiet period, Quiet periods, Rectangular poincar, Recycling, Reference discharge, Reference discharge shape, Reference shape, Relative effectiveness, Relative importance, Resonance structure, Resonance window, Resonant, Resonant island chains, Resonant window, Safety factor, Same shape, Same time, Scenario, Separatrix, Similar effects, Small changes, Small features, Stochastic, Stochastic boundary layers, Stochastic layer, Stochastic region, Strike point, Substantial increase, Suppression, Suppression discharge, Suppression experiments, Suppression mechanism, Suppression phase, Suppression window, Surface shape, Thermonuclear reactors, Tokamak, Tokamak type reactors, Topology, Toroidal, Toroidal angle, Toroidal phase angle, Toroidal rotation, Toroidal transits, Triangularity, Trip3d code, Trip3d modelling, Unperturbed separatrix.
- Teeft :
- Active period, Active phase, Baseline activity, Better understanding, Coherent oscillations, Coil, Coil pulse, Collisionality, Considerable interest, Control experiments, Core plasma, Current pulse, Design limit, Divertor, Divertor target, Divertor target plates, Divertor targets, Edge rmps, Eld, Electron density, Electron pedestal, Electron pressure, Elm, Elming phase, Energy times, Experimental data, Experimental observations, Experimental results, Field line modelling, Future devices, Future experiments, Future tokamaks, Global change, Global energy time, Gure, Heat pulses, Helical structures, Identical discharge, Intermittent events, Island chain, Island chains, Iter, Iter scenario, Langmuir probes, Large elms, Line integration code, Line integration modelling, Line modelling, Line simulations, Long period, Loss layer, Loss region, Lower divertor, Lower divertor surface temperature, Magnetic perturbation, Magnetic perturbations, Magnetic structure, Magnetic topology, Material surfaces, Midplane, Midplane recycling, Modelling, Neutral beam heating power, Nucl, Opposite polarities, Oscillation, Outer pedestal region, Outer strike point, Parallel transport, Parity, Particle transport, Particular interest, Pedestal, Pedestal collisionality, Pedestal density, Pedestal dynamics, Pedestal energy, Pedestal parameters, Pedestal plasma, Pedestal pressure, Pedestal region, Pedestal structure, Perturbation, Perturbation coil, Phys, Pinj, Plasma, Plasma phys, Plasma physics, Plasma response, Poloidal, Poloidal angle, Poloidal flux, Poloidal mode spectrum, Poloidal rotation, Previous section, Pulse, Quality factor, Quiet period, Quiet periods, Rectangular poincar, Recycling, Reference discharge, Reference discharge shape, Reference shape, Relative effectiveness, Relative importance, Resonance structure, Resonance window, Resonant, Resonant island chains, Resonant window, Safety factor, Same shape, Same time, Scenario, Separatrix, Similar effects, Small changes, Small features, Stochastic, Stochastic boundary layers, Stochastic layer, Stochastic region, Strike point, Substantial increase, Suppression, Suppression discharge, Suppression experiments, Suppression mechanism, Suppression phase, Suppression window, Surface shape, Tokamak, Topology, Toroidal, Toroidal angle, Toroidal phase angle, Toroidal rotation, Toroidal transits, Triangularity, Trip3d code, Trip3d modelling, Unperturbed separatrix.
Abstract
Large sub-millisecond heat pulses due to Type-I edge localized modes (ELMs) have been eliminated reproducibly in DIII-D for periods approaching nine energy confinement times (E) with small dc currents driven in a simple magnetic perturbation coil. The current required to eliminate all but a few isolated Type-I ELM impulses during a coil pulse is less than 0.4 of plasma current. Based on magnetic field line modelling, the perturbation fields resonate with plasma flux surfaces across most of the pedestal region (0.9 N 1.0) when q95 3.7 0.2, creating small remnant magnetic islands surrounded by weakly stochastic field lines. The stored energy, N, H-mode quality factor and global energy confinement time are unaltered by the magnetic perturbation. Although some isolated ELMs occur during the coil pulse, long periods free of large Type-I ELMs (t > 46 E) have been reproduced numerous times, on multiple experimental run days in high and intermediate triangularity plasmas, including cases matching the baseline ITER scenario 2 flux surface shape. In low triangularity, lower single null plasmas, with collisionalities near that expected in ITER, Type-I ELMs are replaced by small amplitude, high frequency Type-II-like ELMs and are often accompanied by one or more ELM-free periods approaching 12 E. Large Type-I ELM impulses represent a severe constraint on the survivability of the divertor target plates in future burning plasma devices. Results presented in this paper demonstrate that non-axisymmetric edge magnetic perturbations provide a very attractive development path for active ELM control in future tokamaks such as ITER.
Url:
DOI: 10.1088/0029-5515/45/7/007
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Australie, France, Japon, États-Unis
- Californie, Nouveau-Mexique, Tennessee, État de New York
- New York
- Université Columbia
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Le document en format XML
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Groebner</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Groth, M" sort="Groth, M" uniqKey="Groth M" first="M." last="Groth">M. Groth</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harris, J H" sort="Harris, J H" uniqKey="Harris J" first="J. H." last="Harris">J. H. Harris</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Australian National University, Canberra</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Canberra</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jackson, G L" sort="Jackson, G L" uniqKey="Jackson G" first="G. L." last="Jackson">G. L. Jackson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="La Haye, R J" sort="La Haye, R J" uniqKey="La Haye R" first="R. J." last="La Haye">R. J. La Haye</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lasnier, C J" sort="Lasnier, C J" uniqKey="Lasnier C" first="C. J." last="Lasnier">C. J. Lasnier</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Masuzaki, S" sort="Masuzaki, S" uniqKey="Masuzaki S" first="S." last="Masuzaki">S. Masuzaki</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Fusion Science, Gifu-ken</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Gifu-ken</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ohyabu, N" sort="Ohyabu, N" uniqKey="Ohyabu N" first="N." last="Ohyabu">N. Ohyabu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Fusion Science, Gifu-ken</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Gifu-ken</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pretty, D G" sort="Pretty, D G" uniqKey="Pretty D" first="D. G." last="Pretty">D. G. Pretty</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Australian National University, Canberra</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Canberra</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reimerdes, H" sort="Reimerdes, H" uniqKey="Reimerdes H" first="H." last="Reimerdes">H. Reimerdes</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Columbia University, New York, New York</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region><settlement type="city">New York</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Columbia</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rhodes, T L" sort="Rhodes, T L" uniqKey="Rhodes T" first="T. L." last="Rhodes">T. L. Rhodes</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>University of California, Los Angeles, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rudakov, D L" sort="Rudakov, D L" uniqKey="Rudakov D" first="D. L." last="Rudakov">D. L. Rudakov</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schaffer, M J" sort="Schaffer, M J" uniqKey="Schaffer M" first="M. J." last="Schaffer">M. J. Schaffer</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wade, M R" sort="Wade, M R" uniqKey="Wade M" first="M. R." last="Wade">M. R. Wade</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Tennessee</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, G" sort="Wang, G" uniqKey="Wang G" first="G." last="Wang">G. Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>University of California, Los Angeles, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="West, W P" sort="West, W P" uniqKey="West W" first="W. P." last="West">W. P. West</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>General Atomics, PO Box 85608, San Diego, CA 92186-5608</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zeng, L" sort="Zeng, L" uniqKey="Zeng L" first="L." last="Zeng">L. Zeng</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>University of California, Los Angeles, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Nuclear Fusion</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Nucl. Fusion</title><idno type="ISSN">0029-5515</idno><idno type="eISSN">1741-4326</idno><imprint><publisher>Institute of Physics Publishing</publisher><date type="published" when="2005">2005</date><biblScope unit="volume">45</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">7</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="595">595</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="607">607</biblScope><biblScope unit="production">Printed in the UK</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0029-5515</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0029-5515</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Active period</term><term>Active phase</term><term>Baseline activity</term><term>Better understanding</term><term>Coherent oscillations</term><term>Coil</term><term>Coil pulse</term><term>Collisionality</term><term>Confined plasma</term><term>Confinement time</term><term>Considerable interest</term><term>Control experiments</term><term>Core plasma</term><term>Current pulse</term><term>Design limit</term><term>Divertor</term><term>Divertor target</term><term>Divertor target plates</term><term>Divertor targets</term><term>Edge localized modes</term><term>Edge rmps</term><term>Eld</term><term>Electron density</term><term>Electron pedestal</term><term>Electron pressure</term><term>Elm</term><term>Elming phase</term><term>Energy confinement</term><term>Energy times</term><term>Experimental data</term><term>Experimental observations</term><term>Experimental results</term><term>Experimental study</term><term>Field line modelling</term><term>Future devices</term><term>Future experiments</term><term>Future tokamaks</term><term>Global change</term><term>Global energy time</term><term>Gure</term><term>H-mode plasma confinement</term><term>Heat pulses</term><term>Helical structures</term><term>High field</term><term>Identical discharge</term><term>Intermittent events</term><term>Island chain</term><term>Island chains</term><term>Iter</term><term>Iter scenario</term><term>Langmuir probes</term><term>Large elms</term><term>Line integration code</term><term>Line integration modelling</term><term>Line modelling</term><term>Line simulations</term><term>Long period</term><term>Loss layer</term><term>Loss region</term><term>Lower divertor</term><term>Lower divertor surface temperature</term><term>Magnetic confinement</term><term>Magnetic fields</term><term>Magnetic islands</term><term>Magnetic line</term><term>Magnetic perturbation</term><term>Magnetic perturbations</term><term>Magnetic structure</term><term>Magnetic topology</term><term>Material surfaces</term><term>Midplane</term><term>Midplane recycling</term><term>Modelling</term><term>Neutral beam heating power</term><term>Nucl</term><term>Opposite polarities</term><term>Oscillation</term><term>Outer pedestal region</term><term>Outer strike point</term><term>Parallel transport</term><term>Parity</term><term>Particle transport</term><term>Particular interest</term><term>Pedestal</term><term>Pedestal collisionality</term><term>Pedestal density</term><term>Pedestal dynamics</term><term>Pedestal energy</term><term>Pedestal parameters</term><term>Pedestal plasma</term><term>Pedestal pressure</term><term>Pedestal region</term><term>Pedestal structure</term><term>Perturbation</term><term>Perturbation coil</term><term>Phys</term><term>Pinj</term><term>Plasma</term><term>Plasma flow</term><term>Plasma instability</term><term>Plasma phys</term><term>Plasma physics</term><term>Plasma response</term><term>Plasma transport processes</term><term>Poloidal</term><term>Poloidal angle</term><term>Poloidal flux</term><term>Poloidal mode spectrum</term><term>Poloidal rotation</term><term>Previous section</term><term>Pulse</term><term>Quality factor</term><term>Quiet period</term><term>Quiet periods</term><term>Rectangular poincar</term><term>Recycling</term><term>Reference discharge</term><term>Reference discharge shape</term><term>Reference shape</term><term>Relative effectiveness</term><term>Relative importance</term><term>Resonance structure</term><term>Resonance window</term><term>Resonant</term><term>Resonant island chains</term><term>Resonant window</term><term>Safety factor</term><term>Same shape</term><term>Same time</term><term>Scenario</term><term>Separatrix</term><term>Similar effects</term><term>Small changes</term><term>Small features</term><term>Stochastic</term><term>Stochastic boundary layers</term><term>Stochastic layer</term><term>Stochastic region</term><term>Strike point</term><term>Substantial increase</term><term>Suppression</term><term>Suppression discharge</term><term>Suppression experiments</term><term>Suppression mechanism</term><term>Suppression phase</term><term>Suppression window</term><term>Surface shape</term><term>Thermonuclear reactors</term><term>Tokamak</term><term>Tokamak type reactors</term><term>Topology</term><term>Toroidal</term><term>Toroidal angle</term><term>Toroidal phase angle</term><term>Toroidal rotation</term><term>Toroidal transits</term><term>Triangularity</term><term>Trip3d code</term><term>Trip3d modelling</term><term>Unperturbed separatrix</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>5255F</term><term>5255R</term><term>Champ intense</term><term>Champ magnétique</term><term>Confinement magnétique</term><term>Confinement plasma mode H</term><term>Confinement énergie</term><term>Ecoulement plasma</term><term>Etude expérimentale</term><term>Ilot magnétique</term><term>Instabilité plasma</term><term>Ligne magnétique</term><term>Mode localisé bord</term><term>Phénomène transport plasma</term><term>Plasma confiné</term><term>Réacteur fusion nucléaire</term><term>Réacteur tokamak</term><term>Temps confinement</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Active period</term><term>Active phase</term><term>Baseline activity</term><term>Better understanding</term><term>Coherent oscillations</term><term>Coil</term><term>Coil pulse</term><term>Collisionality</term><term>Considerable interest</term><term>Control experiments</term><term>Core plasma</term><term>Current pulse</term><term>Design limit</term><term>Divertor</term><term>Divertor target</term><term>Divertor target plates</term><term>Divertor targets</term><term>Edge rmps</term><term>Eld</term><term>Electron density</term><term>Electron pedestal</term><term>Electron pressure</term><term>Elm</term><term>Elming phase</term><term>Energy times</term><term>Experimental data</term><term>Experimental observations</term><term>Experimental results</term><term>Field line modelling</term><term>Future devices</term><term>Future experiments</term><term>Future tokamaks</term><term>Global change</term><term>Global energy time</term><term>Gure</term><term>Heat pulses</term><term>Helical structures</term><term>Identical discharge</term><term>Intermittent events</term><term>Island chain</term><term>Island chains</term><term>Iter</term><term>Iter scenario</term><term>Langmuir probes</term><term>Large elms</term><term>Line integration code</term><term>Line integration modelling</term><term>Line modelling</term><term>Line simulations</term><term>Long period</term><term>Loss layer</term><term>Loss region</term><term>Lower divertor</term><term>Lower divertor surface temperature</term><term>Magnetic perturbation</term><term>Magnetic perturbations</term><term>Magnetic structure</term><term>Magnetic topology</term><term>Material surfaces</term><term>Midplane</term><term>Midplane recycling</term><term>Modelling</term><term>Neutral beam heating power</term><term>Nucl</term><term>Opposite polarities</term><term>Oscillation</term><term>Outer pedestal region</term><term>Outer strike point</term><term>Parallel transport</term><term>Parity</term><term>Particle transport</term><term>Particular interest</term><term>Pedestal</term><term>Pedestal collisionality</term><term>Pedestal density</term><term>Pedestal dynamics</term><term>Pedestal energy</term><term>Pedestal parameters</term><term>Pedestal plasma</term><term>Pedestal pressure</term><term>Pedestal region</term><term>Pedestal structure</term><term>Perturbation</term><term>Perturbation coil</term><term>Phys</term><term>Pinj</term><term>Plasma</term><term>Plasma phys</term><term>Plasma physics</term><term>Plasma response</term><term>Poloidal</term><term>Poloidal angle</term><term>Poloidal flux</term><term>Poloidal mode spectrum</term><term>Poloidal rotation</term><term>Previous section</term><term>Pulse</term><term>Quality factor</term><term>Quiet period</term><term>Quiet periods</term><term>Rectangular poincar</term><term>Recycling</term><term>Reference discharge</term><term>Reference discharge shape</term><term>Reference shape</term><term>Relative effectiveness</term><term>Relative importance</term><term>Resonance structure</term><term>Resonance window</term><term>Resonant</term><term>Resonant island chains</term><term>Resonant window</term><term>Safety factor</term><term>Same shape</term><term>Same time</term><term>Scenario</term><term>Separatrix</term><term>Similar effects</term><term>Small changes</term><term>Small features</term><term>Stochastic</term><term>Stochastic boundary layers</term><term>Stochastic layer</term><term>Stochastic region</term><term>Strike point</term><term>Substantial increase</term><term>Suppression</term><term>Suppression discharge</term><term>Suppression experiments</term><term>Suppression mechanism</term><term>Suppression phase</term><term>Suppression window</term><term>Surface shape</term><term>Tokamak</term><term>Topology</term><term>Toroidal</term><term>Toroidal angle</term><term>Toroidal phase angle</term><term>Toroidal rotation</term><term>Toroidal transits</term><term>Triangularity</term><term>Trip3d code</term><term>Trip3d modelling</term><term>Unperturbed separatrix</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Physique du plasma</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Large sub-millisecond heat pulses due to Type-I edge localized modes (ELMs) have been eliminated reproducibly in DIII-D for periods approaching nine energy confinement times (E) with small dc currents driven in a simple magnetic perturbation coil. The current required to eliminate all but a few isolated Type-I ELM impulses during a coil pulse is less than 0.4 of plasma current. Based on magnetic field line modelling, the perturbation fields resonate with plasma flux surfaces across most of the pedestal region (0.9 N 1.0) when q95 3.7 0.2, creating small remnant magnetic islands surrounded by weakly stochastic field lines. The stored energy, N, H-mode quality factor and global energy confinement time are unaltered by the magnetic perturbation. Although some isolated ELMs occur during the coil pulse, long periods free of large Type-I ELMs (t > 46 E) have been reproduced numerous times, on multiple experimental run days in high and intermediate triangularity plasmas, including cases matching the baseline ITER scenario 2 flux surface shape. In low triangularity, lower single null plasmas, with collisionalities near that expected in ITER, Type-I ELMs are replaced by small amplitude, high frequency Type-II-like ELMs and are often accompanied by one or more ELM-free periods approaching 12 E. Large Type-I ELM impulses represent a severe constraint on the survivability of the divertor target plates in future burning plasma devices. Results presented in this paper demonstrate that non-axisymmetric edge magnetic perturbations provide a very attractive development path for active ELM control in future tokamaks such as ITER.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Australie</li><li>France</li><li>Japon</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Californie</li><li>Nouveau-Mexique</li><li>Tennessee</li><li>État de New York</li></region><settlement><li>New York</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université Columbia</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Californie"><name sortKey="Evans, T E" sort="Evans, T E" uniqKey="Evans T" first="T. E." last="Evans">T. E. Evans</name></region><name sortKey="Boedo, J A" sort="Boedo, J A" uniqKey="Boedo J" first="J. A." last="Boedo">J. A. Boedo</name><name sortKey="Doyle, E J" sort="Doyle, E J" uniqKey="Doyle E" first="E. J." last="Doyle">E. J. Doyle</name><name sortKey="Fenstermacher, M E" sort="Fenstermacher, M E" uniqKey="Fenstermacher M" first="M. E." last="Fenstermacher">M. E. Fenstermacher</name><name sortKey="Groebner, R J" sort="Groebner, R J" uniqKey="Groebner R" first="R. J." last="Groebner">R. J. Groebner</name><name sortKey="Groth, M" sort="Groth, M" uniqKey="Groth M" first="M." last="Groth">M. Groth</name><name sortKey="Jackson, G L" sort="Jackson, G L" uniqKey="Jackson G" first="G. L." last="Jackson">G. L. Jackson</name><name sortKey="La Haye, R J" sort="La Haye, R J" uniqKey="La Haye R" first="R. J." last="La Haye">R. J. La Haye</name><name sortKey="Lasnier, C J" sort="Lasnier, C J" uniqKey="Lasnier C" first="C. J." last="Lasnier">C. J. Lasnier</name><name sortKey="Moyer, R A" sort="Moyer, R A" uniqKey="Moyer R" first="R. A." last="Moyer">R. A. Moyer</name><name sortKey="Osborne, T H" sort="Osborne, T H" uniqKey="Osborne T" first="T. H." last="Osborne">T. H. Osborne</name><name sortKey="Reimerdes, H" sort="Reimerdes, H" uniqKey="Reimerdes H" first="H." last="Reimerdes">H. Reimerdes</name><name sortKey="Rhodes, T L" sort="Rhodes, T L" uniqKey="Rhodes T" first="T. L." last="Rhodes">T. L. Rhodes</name><name sortKey="Rudakov, D L" sort="Rudakov, D L" uniqKey="Rudakov D" first="D. L." last="Rudakov">D. L. Rudakov</name><name sortKey="Schaffer, M J" sort="Schaffer, M J" uniqKey="Schaffer M" first="M. J." last="Schaffer">M. J. Schaffer</name><name sortKey="Wade, M R" sort="Wade, M R" uniqKey="Wade M" first="M. R." last="Wade">M. R. Wade</name><name sortKey="Wang, G" sort="Wang, G" uniqKey="Wang G" first="G." last="Wang">G. Wang</name><name sortKey="Watkins, J G" sort="Watkins, J G" uniqKey="Watkins J" first="J. G." last="Watkins">J. G. Watkins</name><name sortKey="West, W P" sort="West, W P" uniqKey="West W" first="W. P." last="West">W. P. West</name><name sortKey="Zeng, L" sort="Zeng, L" uniqKey="Zeng L" first="L." last="Zeng">L. Zeng</name></country><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Thomas, P R" sort="Thomas, P R" uniqKey="Thomas P" first="P. R." last="Thomas">P. R. Thomas</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Becoulet, M" sort="Becoulet, M" uniqKey="Becoulet M" first="M." last="Becoulet">M. Becoulet</name></country><country name="Allemagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Finken, K H" sort="Finken, K H" uniqKey="Finken K" first="K. H." last="Finken">K. H. Finken</name></noRegion></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Harris, J H" sort="Harris, J H" uniqKey="Harris J" first="J. H." last="Harris">J. H. Harris</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Pretty, D G" sort="Pretty, D G" uniqKey="Pretty D" first="D. G." last="Pretty">D. G. Pretty</name></country><country name="Japon"><noRegion><name sortKey="Masuzaki, S" sort="Masuzaki, S" uniqKey="Masuzaki S" first="S." last="Masuzaki">S. Masuzaki</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Ohyabu, N" sort="Ohyabu, N" uniqKey="Ohyabu N" first="N." last="Ohyabu">N. 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